Convention Discussions

Measurements

2019-07-21T20:54:09.4970000

Hello Friends, It occurred to me to post some lines regarding the measurements of Devices under Test, and want to invite all who are interested to discuss in this thread opinions, suggestions, techniques of measurements. Most Researchers know that testing of in and output power, COP and efficiency is an important tool when working on AU Devices, but also that it can be very tricky to achieve really reliable results. For this reason it would be helpful to elaborate the best possible convention for trustable measurement techniques and practice. Vidura

Multiple coil winding-Current Flow and Magnetic Fields

2020-12-19T20:29:38.0330000

Hello mates.
How is it going?
Now....As reading the forum my understanding grows...but also the number of questions I have.
I love the Original Bucking coil Picture that Chris has,and all others...however...we see 1 single winding.
In the quest to build a ,as perfect as it gets coil....one must understand how multiple winding with different current flow affects the magnetic field.

As you see in this picture,another 1 wrap coil...the direction of current is simple,and so we can see that we have a north and a South pole.
BUT ,
As we do not have any more space on the core,as we try to make the magnetic field denser, we must wind the coil in the opposite direction...from TOP to BOTTOM.
In this situation as CURRENT direction changes from BOTTOM- TOP to TOP-BOTTOM ( in the second round wrap )...we will have a change in the magnetic field polarity.

I am sure for many of you guys this may be a silly question,but how should we wind our coil so that when we do not have any copper wire in the hand....at the END Game...the COIL as a whole can have 1 N and 1 S ?

Thank you very much and keep up the good work. !
Much Love.
@drago

POC under permanent magnetic field.

2020-09-23T11:00:42.6970000

Helicon plasma source is known as efficient generator of uniform and high density plasma.

notice the helical antennas on plasma chamber are bucking coils. the magnetic field focuses the interaction point axially in the center of the core. what everyone here has already done in this forum just put permanent magnets or a coil powered by dc around your coil and see if there is any difference.

here are some videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tN4rBMwE9ps

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvHYwuElJ30

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjRdkDSzGSA

US Frequency Allocation Chart

2019-03-17T05:20:48.0700000

Here's a handy frequency allocation chart for the US. Other countries have different allocations, so if you're not in the US, you'll have to find the chart for your country.

This comes in handy if you have a transmitter (or active receiver) or a noisy circuit and you don't want to step on government-allocated frequencies. They tend to quickly find and clamp down on those.

It's a large image (5040 x 3225 pixels). Open it in a separate browser tab and enlarge it to full size to see it in detail.

Ohms Law Pie Chart

2019-03-17T05:12:52.2330000

Here's a handy pie chart pertaining to Ohm's Law:

Transformer Phasing - The Dot Notation

2017-10-03T23:06:08.1070000

The Dot Notation

Generally, when we study about Transformers, we assume that the primary and secondary voltage and currents are in phase. But, such is not always the case. In Transformer, The phase relation between primary and secondary currents and voltages depends on how each winding is wrapped around the core.

Refer to fig (1) and (2), you may see that the primary sides of both transformers are identical i.e. primary windings of both transformers wrapped in the same direction around the core.

But in fig (2) you may notice that the secondary winding is wound around the core in the opposite direction from the secondary winding in fig (1).

Consequently, the voltage induced in the Secondary winding in fig (2) is 180° out of phase as compared with the induced voltage in secondary in fig (1) and the direction of secondary current (IS) is opposite from the primary current (IP)

So we see that

The primary and secondary voltage and current are in phase in fig (1)
The primary and secondary voltage and current are 180° out of phase in fig (2)

Dot Convention

To eliminate any confusion in the phase relation between primary and secondary voltage and current, a dot convention has been adopted for transformer schematic diagrams. Dots are placed on the top of primary and secondary terminals as shown in fig (3) and (4)

In fig (3), we see that dots are placed at the top in both primary and secondary terminals. It shows that the primary and secondary current and voltages are in phase. Moreover, the primary and secondary voltages (VP and VS) have similar sine wave, also the primary and secondary (IP and IS) currents are same in direction.

The story is opposite in fig (4). We can see that one dot is positioned at the top in primary terminal and the other one (dot) is placed at bottom of secondary terminal. It shows that the primary and secondary current and voltages are 180° out of phase. In addition, the primary and secondary voltages (VP and VS) sine waves are opposite to each other. Also the primary and secondary currents (IPand IS) are opposite in direction.

Please note: This article is in reference to: electricaltechnology.org

If Voltage and Currents are not in phase

For example, in an Autotransformer, we have Voltage in one polarity and Current in another. I want to quote Wikipedia:

If two mutually coupled inductors are in series, the dot convention can be used in the same manner as in the case of autotransformers. Relative polarity in autotransformer drawings is usually quite obvious by physical placement of the windings in circuit drawings.
Autotransformers

So we see that the Mutual Inductance is the determining factor but layout is important to take into account.

Chris

EDIT:

Re-reading the Thread, I see my wording is not very good! I tried to point out the Dot Notation but in doing so, have made what I see now as confusing statements!

I apologise for this everyone!

Conventional Electromagnetic Induction is always Equal and Opposite minus Losses!

This is Fact and cant be disputed!

To make sense of this Thread, One must apply the Right Hand Grip Rule to the Coils.

Are these coils opposing?

2018-06-20T11:44:05.3400000

A little while ago I was building a circuit in order to replicate Clemente Figuera's transformer. Rather than build a current supply in the same style as Figuera, which is a little complicated and likely a little lossy, I thought it would be simpler to use the 240v 50hz house supply.

The house supply is of course, single phase. I somehow needed to achieve a supply of two anti-phase currents from this single phase. The solution was to build a transformer with two identical secondaries and supply each of the Figuera primaries from opposite poles of those secondaries.

Figuera described climbing and falling sines in his patent so I imagined he was earthing his supply battery, thereby causing his sine waves to bottom out at 0 voltage.. But was he, and does it really matter?

While I was considering this I noticed something that was in fact obvious, to anyone but myself I imagine

The transformer was in and of itself a replication of Figuera's transformer, only in reverse. I wondered what would happen if I simply connected a load between my two secondaries. I went to https://www.falstad.com/circuit/index.html and modeled my transformer with the load between the secondaries.

It was not possible to model a single primary with two secondaries as I required so I connected two transformers in series, each with a single secondary. I put the load in series between those secondaries and was quite surprised at what it showed. If I had more experience, perhaps I would not have been.

Although the simulator is not altogether accurate is some respects, what I saw was, for me, very interesting and not a little confusing. I shall upload a circuit diagram for everyone's perusal.

I welcome everyone's observations and criticism. Please be kind though. I can be an idiot at times.

I do have a few questions about this that forum members may be able to answer for me.

Apparently my file didn't upload so I will try to add it again.

Why the majority is always wrong

2018-05-20T04:16:22.9800000

I would like you to watch this excellent video...TEDx, "Why the majority is always wrong" by Paul Rulkens

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNGFep6rncY

Paul Rulkens explains why the majority contribute nothing to innovation and only around 3% actually innovate. One has to think about this, if a person is an average person and has average thoughts and beliefs then they will always be... average. Average and normal are a way of saying we will never do anything of consequence with our lives or anything which matters. Thus, logically if everyone was average and normal then we would never innovate, we would stagnate and eventually die due to our own stupidity.

Yet most people would tell us we should just follow everyone else and act and think and believe what normal people do don't they?. As a form of peer pressure to ensure no real progress will ever be made and all will remain the same.

Personally I do not trust "normal", it is a means of control generally peddled by the terminally average and naive who serve their own interests. Life is too short to believe their BS.